Electrical system of distribution.



L.H.FLANDER&

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 23, 1911.

1,05 15949, Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

J All E fllllllllllilllllllllllhw lvwmmor mam To oil whom may can Be it known ll citizen of the ited of Jenkmtonn, lont Etete of Penna; .vania have in their: new cool us linprovcinon triccl o1; new otion, of 1 following is s specification,

My invention relates to cys o storage is employee ling the fluctuations oi current 01? volt electrical circuit. Whein u hat-to; usecl for controlling fluctuations of loci} n such a circuit, it is usual to loy regul iug apparatus adapted to T6161 to the o tony all fluctuations above holow 2! loin predei'ez'minecl value or lc latter being carried by the source. In some cases, however, it is (lesion ble to permit the generating source to carry 22 certain proportion of the fluctuations, Well as the average local and limit the operation of the battery to those fluctuations which ore in excess of a certain value. The operation of the battery in the (lischc c (lirection con he'limitcd by etljnsting the ri uluting opi aratus so as to increase the oven age load on the source, but if the i'cgi'zlntinpg apparatus is desig'necl to hold loml on the soui ce substentislly' constant as is ually the case, arl guslmcnt which fixes thc load on the source at some value in excessof the average clcinand \vhilo rcst cl'ingg the discharge of the battery, will province corresponding increase in the and give rise to excessive overcharging.

The object of my invention is to pro means for permitting the adjust-n nt of too regulating apparatus for any clesirci load on the generator in excess of the everugc demand Without causing excessive charging of the-battery at periods light loads To thisenol I provide, in coalition to the usual regulating apparatus, a device responsive to the battery voltage for limiting the operation of the regulating apparatus whonevcr the battery voltage ranches a certain maximum value, this device however, leaving the ordinary regulating apparatus free to perate so long as the battery voltage is below this limiting value.

My invention Will. he more clearly nuclei?- stood by reference to the following dSCTlpcimsln fluctuating loo the C(llldllfiifilf i -2 is connected battery with is booster U in so lh. The iicl Wimling if of I rolled by the exciton may be driven 1s not sh Wic on the he encitcr E is pnovitlecl with thre uelcl i lndiugs, onsof those, F is con- (ll1"Ci l"flCIO5-3S the tenninalsof the Tho other two fielrl windings,

- sire conneclccl in parallel to any suit- :c of cxcitction, as, for example,

I F moons of cmuluctors 5 mics .V'lcll field Winding u 4 resistance 'll 1C field Windand are wound clii'l evcntiullv with inspect to each other and are so (insi ic-rl that when the corresponding anccs it and it" are iutcirposcfl. the two field wimliugs will exactly neutralize ouch other 1 cool i heir resultant ion will be zero. l l winding i such strength that ill not build up voltage in the A reversing switch is shown singthe polarity of the currcnt supplied to those windings A lever 7 piv- 'otecl at 8 is arranged to make contact at either J or 10 accordingto Whether the le- .vci' is inisawl or loivci'cih' these contacts short-circuiling the resistances R 01' R rcspcctivcly, The nnvvcmcut of the lover 7 is controlled luv (ho core of a solenoid 11 opposed by u spring 12 Exoitingcurrcnt for the solenoid H is su 'ipliccl from any suit- :iblcsouicc, such as the circuit 13-M whenever either one of two contacts 15 ch16 is closell. Contact 15 is closed by the operation of an elcclro-magnet 17 opposed by a 1 spring 18. The winding of tho elecl'ro-inug} net 17 is connected across a resistance M connected into conductor 2 between the gencrating source A. and the battery B. The contact 16 closed by an electro-magnet 19 opposed by sprin 20. The winding of the electro-magnet 19 may be connected by means of a double pole, double throw switch 9 either to the terminals of the battery B or to the circuit 12.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The tension of the spring 18 may be adjusted to balance the pull of the electromagnet 17 at any predetermined load on the generator A. If the load on the generator exceeds this value the pull of the magnet 17 will overpower the tension of the spring 18 and close the contact at 15, thus exciting the coil 11 and pulling the lever 7 to its lower position making contact at 10. This will short-circuit the resistance R causing the field F of the exciter E to predominate over F and producing voltage in the direetion to cause the battery to discharge.

The rise in voltage of the exciter E will send current through the field winding F in the direction to increase the effect of the field winding F. If thecontact at 10 remains closed for a sufiicient length of time the,

voltage of the exciter E will build up to produce the maximum battery discharge. As soon, however, as, the discharge from the battery B has reached a sufficient value to reduce the load on the source A below that for which the spring 18 is adjusted, the tension of this spring will predominate over the pull of the magnet 17, and the contact at 15 will be opened thus releasing the core of thejsolenoid 11 and breaking the contact at 10 at the same time closing thecontact at 9. This will short-circuit the resistance R causing the field winding F to predominate over F 4 and tending to reduce the excitation of exciter E. It the contact at 9 remains Iclosed for a sufficient length of time, the

voltage of the exciter E will be reduced to zero, and then reversed and built up in the opposite direction to cause the battery to charge. As soon, however, as the original voltage of the eXciter E, produced by the closing of the contact at 10 has, by the opening of the contact 10 and the closing of that at 9, been sufficiently reduced to reduce the battery discharge sutliciently to increase the load on the source A above that for which the spring 18 is adjusted, the magnet 17 will again predominate and close the contact at 15, thus repeating the cycle of operation. It will be seen, therefore, that so long as the contact at 16 remainsvopened there will be an intermittent contact at 15 produced by slight changes of load on the source A above or below the value for which the apparatus is adjusted, producing a vibration of the lever 7 between the contacts citation of the exciter E suitable for producing the amount of battery charge or discharge necessary to hold the load on the source A substantially constant. Assume now that the switch S is thrown to connect the winding of the magnet 19 across the battery terminals and that the spring 20 is adjusted so that the pull of the magnet 19 will over-balance its tension when the bat tery volt-age is slightly above the floating point. lVhencver the demand on the circuit 12 less than that for which the spring 18 is adjusted the regulating apparatus already described will cause the battery to charge to maintain the load on the source A. As soon, however, as the battery voltage rises by reason of this charge to a value above that for which the spring 20 has been adjusted, the contact 16 will be closed producing the same el'lect as the closing of the contact 15, since these two contacts are connected in parallel. This will reduce the charging current into the battery or even produce a discharge until the battery voltage falls below that for which the spring 20 is set, when the contact at 16 will again open. It will be seen, therefore, that whenever the demand on the circuit 1-2 exceeds that for which the spring 18 has been set the making and tweaking of, the contact 15 will control the operation of the battery so as to hold the load on the generator substantially constant by throwing on the battery all increase of demand above that value. Vhenever the demand on the circuit 12 is less than that for which the spring 18 has been set, the battery will charge to maintain the load on the source A constant until the battery voltage reaches the critical point for which the spring 20 has been set whereupon the contact 16 will be intermittently opened and closed to hold the battery voltage at this point, permitting the load on the source A to decrease with any decrease in the demand at L, the con thrown to the left so as to connect the winding of the magnet 19 directly across the circuit 1-2. The magnet 17 will then be inoperative and the contact at- 15 will be opened since there will be no flow of current" through the resistance M. The magnet 19 will, however, operate to maintain a constant voltage across the circuit 1-2 by varying the voltage of the booster O to produce this result. Duri g such operation the sitch S must be th 'own over to reverse t: is polarity of the field windings I3 and F since 2m increase of will "t c 3.9 due to an incl-ems f 'mi'ia, chit 1? must now roducc effect (in the voltage the boa 5 in Fig. the wrung" is exactly similar to that shown except that the contacts 133 and, ranged in series inc (i. of J usiy pr-"c having 'aiiw eficct.

1. cm binzmon, electric circuit, stmwc haitcry operative relation from these contacts are arrangcd i1) he zqiparahis inclnciing an exciting can for 19 the pull of their COlIQmP-Oiflil'iigi n i'cgiuia''lngi the battery chm and 615;- V d V n closed by cox-responding being cioscd by the mug, the springs, as in Fig. bai'ziery Volta, is 'ccimv which magn't i9 comes in Q tact at 16 W21} remain c2 sn' c f0 chs bcti' ry vO lgfi hon of ihe military will he 4-. in. ceubLm-fiion, an elccirlc circuit, a

cantact at The cont-1 cry in operative relation thereto, mean: for vzzrying the voltage at the bah icy temzinais ta) compei if i0 charge, and 55 dicchm'ge, inciuding two devices, each 7, z 115cc is reduce said. voltage, whereof one i is responsive to increase of load on the cir- U cuit above a certain value, and the ci'hcr is directly responsive icincrense of sm'tel'y 90 above a certain value.

ccmbinc ion, an electric circuit, a

(lilitQflV in operative relaiion therethat the closing 01" muse the battery in closing of contact w 39 the battery to charge.

and in the general rc jui" cmiion of the arzzmgement \Yii'i he thc ,SQY'KKG s'tiwt in shits R and R the cxcitaiicn'cf the n 52 -72: to, appzu'zzius for varying i'hc ratio of bati /q'v volts 2 to circuit voltage, two m'l aiually 5;

nd sclcciivciy responsive cviccs foic0, u-oihng said apparatus, \irheycof one to (m6 .7 the Qthcr in voltcanc n 1' connech, F a iaiter m the imposed in the field win mg in ccmbm -1, an ciccii'ic CHCUPL, 2i

SPQCi'iVfiV, to iicrniit th straw? iw telin cpsmuve 561M103 ii-31'6- A L 0. F

these, Wimiings. n cm inciuding an exciting CQiilOl 4,0 It will be ehvicus that many nmdiz'icshons ccnimihng the battery charge and d1s- 1 5 in the details cicscrihcfi aba've 'ia EliildgI-l i'gc, iWO vihratcry con'tac'n ccvlccs w 1crcwithout (Rpm-ting from the s 1 is actuated by current proportiozmi vcntion. iced 011 inc -'-rcu1t, whlic. ihc Othal 1S "ki'hzit I chain Ii 1%, and desire U; by curl-uni; proportional to thc bai- E q secure i V i lc'ti-ci's fate, is v and connections from iii e coii 1g 0th (iQYICPS R iiei'fiby the ()PQI'ERiiOi} 0i".

, a exciudcs the Mixer.

1 in combination, an elcci'ric circuit, a siomge haiiery in operative relation therct0, apparatus including an exciting (-011 for e controlling the opcmiion of he bn/ icry in 9' :wspect m the circuit and two vibratory coni "km-i dcviccs each adapted to control the cm- 1. In combination, an e its soul-cc, a storage haiicfcy in operative rein-don iheicm, Winn-oiling "the boasts:- eXCi'iL YiJ" 56; one is adapted to :i'miniiim is adaptw i. iK) maintain mihsianfiui' cc stant vnitng'e at the nah? tcrminzzisi, mu idi(f5 being muiuaiiv cmhusiw "mi #Lccrent in ihc cxi'tiimg coi'i'io reduce the V01? (iveiy rcspi'msivc to circuitccm'i in ccn'ibinai'ioi, :m ch: him-age imitcry in cpemi'ive 1' apparatus inc'luing an arm rcguiaiing ilic i.)atzer3"chargc two (icv res; for conimiih he cxcii. caii, wi ed, in ye: 0 m1 U254 mc the circuh him; was 1 i i'y contaci i-PNICGS, COHiTGi the byiicz'fin m i 3 The cmfrcm in ihc i cirgush flinging; 7 0110 EGM MVHSQ i0 OX1 LBL cuii: above 1; predetermined amount, and In testimony whereof I have hereunto the other-1n response to voltage above a preslgned my name. determmed amount, means for eonnectlng the latter device at will to respond either to I LOUIS FLANDERS' 5 battery volt-age or circuit voltage, and means Witnesses:

for reversing the effect of the latter evice JOSEPH H. TRACY, on the current in the field coil. 1 J. LESLIE WVOODBRIDGE. 

